Infectious & Parasitic
Systemic viral exanthems, bacterial pathogens, and parasitic loads.
2 subcategories • 14 reference files
Systemic Contagious Viral Exanthems (6)
Severe Measles (Rubeola)
Highly Contagious Paramyxoviral Exanthematous Disease
Unvaccinated infants, young children, and adolescents.
Moderate Varicella Zoster (Chickenpox)
Acute Alphaherpesviral Vesicular Exanthematous Disease
Unvaccinated preschool and school-aged children.
Moderate Roseola Infantum (Sixth Disease)
Viral Exanthema Subitum
6 Months to 2 Years
Mild Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
Parvovirus-Induced Exanthem
4 to 10 Years
Moderate Mumps
Contagious viral infection best known for swelling of the salivary glands.
Children and adolescents; far less common where MMR vaccination is routine.
Moderate Rubella (German Measles)
Usually mild contagious viral infection that is dangerous in pregnancy.
Children and adolescents; rare where MMR vaccination is routine.
Atypical Bacterial & Parasitic Infections (8)
Severe Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Acute Bacterial Toxin-Mediated Airway Infection
Infants under 6 months (Highest risk for severe complications; unvaccinated children)
Severe Congenital Toxoplasmosis
Perinatal Protozoan Opportunistic Infection
Neonates (Infection acquired in utero)
Moderate Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)
Toxin-Mediated Streptococcal Exanthem
5 to 15 Years
Moderate Shigellosis
Acute Bacterial Dysentery
1 to 5 Years (Highly common in childcare settings)
Mild Pinworm Infection
Enterobiasis (Parasitic Nematode Infection)
5 to 10 Years (School-aged children)
Severe Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)
Prolonged Unexplained Febrile State
Infants and Children of all ages
Mild Head Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)
Infestation of the scalp by human head lice; a nuisance, not a disease, and not a sign of poor hygiene.
Most common in school-age children, 3–11 years.
Mild Oral Thrush (Oral Candidiasis)
Common yeast infection of the mouth in infants.
Mostly young infants; also children using inhaled steroids or after antibiotics.